ASSESSING THE KNOWLEDGE OF FIRST AID MANAGEMENT AMONG NURSING STUDENTS

Abstract

Background First aid management is a critical component of nursing practice, as nurses are often the first healthcare professionals to encounter patients during emergencies. Immediate and appropriate first aid interventions can preserve life, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes before advanced medical care is available. Despite its importance, several studies have reported that nursing students possess only moderate levels of first aid knowledge and limited confidence in applying life-saving skills. Strengthening first aid competency among nursing students is therefore essential to enhance emergency preparedness and patient safety. Objectives To assess the level of knowledge regarding first aid management among undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among nursing students enrolled in the 4th, 6th, and 8th semesters at Mustafa Kamal Institute of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Vehari. A total population of 105 students was identified, and a sample of 83 students was calculated using Slovin’s formula; however, data were analyzed from 105 respondents who consented to participate. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire consisting of demographic information and 32 knowledge-based items on first aid management. Each correct response was scored as two marks, with a total possible score of 64. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Results: The overall mean knowledge score indicated a total first aid knowledge level of 72%, which falls within the “good knowledge” category. Students demonstrated strong knowledge in identifying emergency signs and understanding the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) protocol. Hemorrhage control and fracture immobilization were also relatively well understood. However, gaps were identified in burn management and critical life-saving skills such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and choking management. Practical application and self-perceived preparedness scores were notably lower for CPR and the Heimlich maneuver, indicating a theory–practice gap and variability in students’ confidence levels. Conclusion: The study concludes that while nursing students possess an acceptable level of theoretical knowledge regarding first aid management, deficiencies remain in practical application and confidence, particularly in life-saving interventions such as CPR. These findings highlight the need for enhanced practical training, simulation-based learning, and regular skills reinforcement within nursing curricula. Strengthening competency-based first aid education may improve students’ preparedness to respond effectively to emergencies and ultimately enhance patient safety and outcomes