EVALUATION OF EARLY COMPLICATION OF MODIFIED RADICAL MASTECTOMY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SEROMA FORMATION AND FLAP NECROSIS

Abstract

Background: One of the most prevalent diseases among women globally, breast cancer continues to be a serious public health issue. One popular surgical method used to treat breast cancer is the Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM). Despite its effectiveness, patients may experience a number of early postoperative problems, including ipsilateral neuralgia, cellulitis or abscess, shoulder decreased mobility, flap necrosis, and seroma formation, which can worsen patient morbidity and prolong recovery. Therefore, improving surgical outcomes requires early detection of these problems Methodology: 71 patients who had Modified Radical Mastectomy for astrologically confirmed breast cancer were included in a prospective descriptive observational study. The study comprised patients who met the inclusion criteria and were at least eighteen years old. A standardized data collection form was used to gather information on demographics, body mass index (BMI), comorbidity, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical features, and early postoperative problems. After the data was examined using SPSS, descriptive statistics like frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations were calculated. Results: The participants' average age was 49.77 ± 10.08 years, and their average BMI was 30.16 ± 5.37 kg/m². The majority of patients were overweight or obese, and prevalent commodities included diabetes mellitus (56.3%) and hypertension (71.8%). 85.9% of procedures involved electrosurgical unit, while 64.8% of patients underwent Neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Seroma development was the most frequent early postoperative consequence (64.8%), followed by ipsilateral neuralgia (29.6%), shoulder decreased mobility (45.1%), flap necrosis (43.7%), and cellulitis or abscess (39.4%). Conclusion: Patients receiving Modified Radical Mastectomy continue to experience early postoperative problems, the most prevalent of which is seroma development. Higher BMI, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and surgical features are examples of patient-related factors that may influence these results. To reduce problems and enhance patient recovery, thorough preoperative evaluation, careful surgical technique, standardized postoperative care, and frequent follow-up are crucial.