LANGUAGE, APPLIED LINGUISTICS, AND CRITICAL THINKING: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH

Abstract

This qualitative study, grounded in applied linguistics and cognitive theory, explores the role of language in developing critical thinking skills. Using semi-structured, issue-focused interviews, the study examines the perspectives of 30 participants, including language educators, medical graduates, and professionals from diverse fields. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to provide insights into linguistic strategies that enhance analytical reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis framework, resulting in 45 initial codes, 20 sub-themes, and 5 main themes. The first theme, "Linguistic Structures and Critical Thinking," highlights how syntax, lexical choices, and discourse organization shape reasoning. The second theme, "Effective Linguistic Strategies," focuses on rhetorical devices, argument mapping, and questioning techniques. The third theme, "Discourse Analysis and Cognitive Processing," explores how pragmatic awareness and contextual interpretation influence thought patterns. The fourth theme, "Perceptions of Critical Thinking in Language Education," identifies gaps in curricula and the need for assessment reform. The final theme, "Applying Applied Linguistics in Educational and Professional Contexts," discusses interdisciplinary approaches to integrating critical thinking into various domains. Findings indicate that applied linguistics significantly enhances cognitive processing and decision-making, yet traditional language curricula often fail to integrate critical thinking effectively. The study calls for educational reforms, professional training programs, and interdisciplinary applications to optimize linguistic strategies for cognitive development.