EXPLORING THE KNOWLEDGE OF MATERNAL UNDERNUTRITION ON OBSTETRIC OUTCOMES AMONG YOUNG PREGNANT WOMEN IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract

Objective: Maternal undernutrition remains a persistent contributor to adverse obstetric outcomes in Pakistan. This study explores the relationship between young pregnant women’s knowledge of undernutrition and their antenatal practices and perceived obstetric outcomes in Lahore. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted at Lady Wallington, Lahore. Using purposive sampling, data were collected from 232 young pregnant women attending the outdoor (outpatient) department. Semi-structured interviews explored awareness of dietary requirements in pregnancy, recognition of undernutrition signs, sources of information, and perceived links with obstetric outcomes. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically. Results: Among 232 young pregnant women, more than four-fifths recognized the link between maternal undernutrition and symptoms such as tiredness and reduced breast milk, yet only about two-thirds associated it with preterm delivery or neonatal complications, reflecting partial awareness. These statistical results support the thematic findings that while women understand immediate physical effects, knowledge of long-term obstetric risks and the role of balanced nutrition remain limited. Conclusion: The findings conclude that although young pregnant women in Lahore recognize some immediate effects of undernutrition, critical gaps in knowledge about balanced diets and long-term obstetric risks highlight the need for targeted nutrition education and support.