NUTRIGENOMICS IN PREVENTING LIFESTYLE DISEASES

Abstract

Some of the most prevalent lifestyle diseases causing morbidity and mortality in the entire world are obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and some forms of cancer. Although environmental and lifestyle factors are crucial to their evolution, personal risk and reaction to dietary habits are largely affected by genetic predisposition. The science of gene-nutrient interactions is called nutrigenomics and examines the impact of dietary constituents on gene expression and the effect of genetic differences on nutrient metabolism. The present review underlines the principles of nutrigenomics, its use in preventing lifestyle disease, the present use of nutrigenomics in individualized nutrition, challenges in clinical translation, and perspectives. Nutrigenomics can provide promising solutions to the challenge of precision nutrition with the potential of lowering disease burden and enhancing population health by combining genomics with nutritional sciences.

Keywords: Nutrigenomics, Lifestyle diseases, Gene–nutrient interactions, Personalized nutrition, Preventive healthcare