ANALYSIS OF CAESAREAN SECTION ACCORDING TO ROBSON CRITERIA OF C-SECTION

Abstract

Background: The World Health Organization endorses the Robson Ten-Group Classification System as an international standard for assessing, monitoring, and comparing C-section rates. This system categorizes women into ten groups based on specific obstetric characteristics, enabling meaningful analysis of C-section trends. The current study aimed to analyse the C-section based on the Robson classification caesarean section. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of Maternal and child health department. The sample size was 357. A well-designed preformed proforma was used. The proforma consisting of two parts, the first part included maternal age, gestational age, parity, previous history of delivery, number of fetus, fetal presentation and pregnancy related symptoms while the second part consisted of fetal outcome like birth weight, APGAR score and complaint of any serious issue needing NICU admission. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23. Results: The mean maternal age of the study participants was 28.9 ± 5.5 years, majority of them were having gestational age between 37 weeks to 40 weeks (86.8%). About 245 (68.6%) participants were multipara (1-4 live births) while 87 (24.3%) were nulliparous and only 25 (7.1%) were grand multiparas (more than 5 live births). Cephalic fetal presentation was the most common (86.3%). Frequency of caesarean deliveries according to Robson criteria, which showed G5 group of Robson criteria was highly frequent (35.9%) followed by G2 (19.7%), G1 (13.2%) and G4 (11.4%). The mean birth weight and mean APGAR score were 3.34 ± 0.52kg and 8.21 ± 0.38 respectively. Only 69 (19.3%) neonates need NICU admission Conclusion: Analysis using Robson’s Ten-Group Classification indicated that Groups 5, 2, 1 and 4 were the leading contributors to the caesarean deliveries observed. These findings highlight the need to focus particularly on the management of women in Groups 1, 2, 4 and 5 to reduce C-section rates.