CORRELATION BETWEEN HBA1C LEVEL AND SEVERITY OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY: 89 MILITARY DENTAL CENTER, CMH KOHAT

Abstract

Background: Periodontal disease is a common complication of diabetes, and glycemic control is thought to influence its severity. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between HbA1c levels and the severity of periodontal disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at 89 Military Dental Center, CMH Kohat, involving 100 type 2 diabetic patients. Periodontal parameters (probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing) were recorded, and HbA1c levels were measured. Patients were categorized into three groups based on HbA1c levels: good control (<7%), fair control (7-8%), and poor control (>8%). Results: The mean age of patients was 52.4 ± 8.2 years, with a mean HbA1c level of 8.2 ± 1.5%. A significant positive correlation was found between HbA1c levels and periodontal parameters (probing depth: r=0.56, p<0.001; clinical attachment loss: r=0.61, p<0.001; bleeding on probing: r=0.48, p<0.001). Patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c >8%) had more severe periodontal disease. Conclusion: This study suggests a significant correlation between HbA1c levels and the severity of periodontal disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Maintaining good glycemic control may help prevent or reduce the severity of periodontal disease in diabetic patients.