DIETARY INTERVENTIONS AS A CORNERSTONE OF DIABETES CARE

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus, a Type 2 is considered the most common disease that is rising around the world. It is most complex metabolic disease that is manifested by a long-term hyperglycemia. The multifactorial origin of Type 2 diabetes mellitus is complicated and is related to Irremediable determinants such as age, progeny, ethnicity, and genetics and is also related with remediable determinants like dietary patterns, physical exertion, and tobacco smoking. It emphasizes the need for efficacious, adherable lifestyle changes, affordable and feasible clinical interventions. The objectives of narrative review article are to evaluate several studies to investigate relationship of type 2 diabetes mellitus with dietary pattern practices and its comorbidities. The significant risk factor for progressing comorbidities is the elevated of HbA1C level, Overweight, physical inactivity, Obesity, High intake of saturated fat, trans fat, and intrauterine growth retardation. It is possible that through diet management like Omega-3 Fatty acid rich diet, low GI food intake, and precision dietary management interventions used to improve optimization of raised HbA1C level, normalize glycemic status, glycemic control, and maintenance of weight loss. Thus, patients could be getting rid of developing the comorbidities. To give awareness about dietary knowledge, attitude, practices lead to control of disease complications. This review can collect evidence on the effects of diet like low carb diet, keto diet, Vegan diet, Mediterranean diet, and usage of complex carbs, high fiber, protein diet which can increase eating of fullness. It can help to improve the Glycemic control, weight loss, long term comorbidities, patient concordance, tolerability, and satisfaction. Based on evidence regarding diet, lifestyle, normal weight status, regular physical activity, prevent abdominal obesity, metabolic dysfunction, reduce saturated fats, Trans fat intake, and decrease risk of Diabetes mellitus of type 2.This review article tells how a regular intake of such food act as metabolic booster’s results in postprandial glucose surges that causes hyperinsulinemia; disrupt insulin sensitivity, increase insulin resistance, obesity and metabolic disorders.