PREVALENCE AND SEVERITY OF DEPRESSION AMONG YOUNG INDIVIDUALS WITH BELL’S PALSY IN DISTRICT SWABI: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY (2023-2025)

Abstract

Background: Bell’s Palsy, a sudden onset facial paralysis caused by dysfunction of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII), not only affects physical functioning but also poses significant psychological challenges. Young individuals may be particularly vulnerable to depression due to concerns about appearance, social interactions, and peer perception. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of depression among young Bell’s Palsy patients in District Swabi. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of depression among young adults (15–35 years) with Bell’s Palsy in District Swabi, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2023 to 2025, involving 218 participants aged 15–35 years. Depression severity was assessed using the validated Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data on demographic characteristics, age, and gender were collected to examine patterns in depressive symptomatology. Results: Among the participants, 24.3% exhibited moderate depression and 18.8% exhibited severe depression, indicating a high burden of clinically significant depressive symptoms. Gender analysis showed no significant differences in overall depression levels, although males reported slightly higher personal burnout scores. Younger participants (15–29 years) demonstrated higher mean depression scores compared to older participants, highlighting age-specific vulnerability. The findings suggest that facial asymmetry, body image concerns, and psychosocial stressors contribute to depression in this population. Conclusion: Depression is highly prevalent among young individuals with Bell’s Palsy in District Swabi, with moderate-to-severe symptoms observed in a substantial proportion. Routine psychological screening and early interventions, including counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and patient education, are recommended to alleviate mental health burden and support recovery. The study underscores the importance of age-sensitive psychosocial strategies and provides a foundation for longitudinal research on long-term psychological outcomes in Bell’s Palsy patients.