IMPACT OF POINT OF CARE TESTING ON CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING IN BIOCHEMISTRY – A REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) is a relatively new concept in contemporary clinical biochemistry, offering quick diagnostic data close to the bedside. In contrast to traditional laboratory testing, which is characterized by delays in the transportation of samples, their processing, and reporting, POCT provides real-time biochemical data that can have a direct impact on clinical judgment. The rise in its application in emergency rooms, intensive care units, outpatient departments, and critical care environments has piqued the curiosity on its application in enhancing patient management and healthcare efficiency. Purpose: To assess the effects of point-of-care testing on clinical decision-making in biochemistry, and to determine how effectively point-of-care testing can be used to help reduce turnaround time, enhance diagnostic efficiency and aid in the timely management of a patient. Methodology: This research was done as a cross-sectional analytical research within the biochemistry and clinical care sections, of a tertiary care hospital. Professionals in healthcare who dealt with the diagnosis and management of patients were factored in. A structured proforma was used to collect the data that included turnaround time, accuracy of results, impact on treatment decisions, and overall clinician satisfaction. The results of POCT were compared to the traditional laboratory testing in routine clinical practice. Data were compared with proper statistical techniques to establish the significance of the differences observed. Findings: The research revealed that POCT greatly led to a shortening of the turnaround time, and it also offered quicker access to biochemical findings. This resulted in a more timely clinical decision, a timely start or change in treatment and enhanced patient flow in acute care. The majority of clinicians claimed that POCT enhanced the confidence in immediate patient care, especially in emergency and critical care situations. All in all, POCT had a positive effect on diagnostic efficiency and clinical decision-making. Conclusion: POC testing has a useful purpose in clinical biochemistry as it helps in better clinical diagnosis and makes prompt clinical decisions. Its adoption in the medical environment could enhance patient care and maximize clinical performance.