ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONIC HYPERGLYCEMIA AND LIVER FUNCTION TEST ABNORMALITIES IN DIABETIC PATIENTS

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin production and activity abnormalities. Some of the liver parameters discussed in this review are Alanine aminotransferase ALT, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate aminotransferase serum (AST), Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase GGT, Total bilirubin (TBIL). The factors play a significant role in the occurrence of different types of diabetes such as gestational diabetes (GDM), type 1 diabetes (T1DM), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The article highlights that high levels of ALT and AST are associated with inflammation or damage of the liver, particularly in the absence of alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and low albumin concentrations could indicate inflammation. Raised ALP can have an effect on changes in bone metabolism, biliary malfunction, or liver inflammation. High bilirubin levels are independently related to both a high risk of T2DM and albuminuria in T1DM. The increase of GGT levels is believed to be the evidence of oxidative stress and liver damage in the situation of T2DM.