EVALUATION OF NEUROLOGIC AND GIT MANIFESTATIONS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DYSMENORRHEA

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynaecological problems throughout the world. Dysmenorrhea is defined as pain in lower anterior pelvic area associated with periods. It can also be defined as difficulty in menstruation or painful menstruation due to reduction in blood flow and concomitant uterine ischemia. It can be classified into two major categories: Primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Most common symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea are nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, abdominal pain, dizziness, mood changes, fatigue, restlessness, sleeplessness, etc. The present study was cross sectional study conducted on 300 individuals (150 patients and 150 controls). The subject’s profile, the anthropometric measurement (BMI, waist to hip ratio and percent body fats), vitals (B.P, pulse rate, pulse pressure) and stress score was recorded. The neurologic and GIT symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea, menstrual history, eating habits and personal medical history was also determined by using a questionnaire. The participants of the study (age 18 to 24 years), mean 20.79 # 1.56 with a mean BMI of 19.98 ± 3.72, mean W/H ratio of 0.80 ± 0.60, mean percent body fats of 23.15 ± 4.40, mean stress score of 19.81 ± 20.75. Various dysmenorrhea symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, aggressive behaviour, depression, dull or cry mood, sleeplessness, irritability, headache, lack of control and guilty feeling shows a significant difference (p <0.05) between patients and controls. Limitation of activities, menorrhagia, pain in abdomen, thighs, low back also shows a significant difference (p <0.0.5) between patients and controls. Dysmenorrhea symptoms in Pakistani females includes nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating among GIT symptoms. Whereas aggressive behaviour, depression, dull or cry mood, sleeplessness, irritability, headache, lack of control and guilty were the most common associated neurologic manifestation in dysmenorrhea females in Pakistan. Sedentary life style is responsible for dysmenorrhea and its associated symptoms in Pakistani population.Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynaecological problems throughout the world. Dysmenorrhea is defined as pain in lower anterior pelvic area associated with periods. It can also be defined as difficulty in menstruation or painful menstruation due to reduction in blood flow and concomitant uterine ischemia. It can be classified into two major categories: Primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Most common symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea are nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, abdominal pain, dizziness, mood changes, fatigue, restlessness, sleeplessness, etc. The present study was cross sectional study conducted on 300 individuals (150 patients and 150 controls). The subject’s profile, the anthropometric measurement (BMI, waist to hip ratio and percent body fats), vitals (B.P, pulse rate, pulse pressure) and stress score was recorded. The neurologic and GIT symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea, menstrual history, eating habits and personal medical history was also determined by using a questionnaire. The participants of the study (age 18 to 24 years), mean 20.79 # 1.56 with a mean BMI of 19.98 ± 3.72, mean W/H ratio of 0.80 ± 0.60, mean percent body fats of 23.15 ± 4.40, mean stress score of 19.81 ± 20.75. Various dysmenorrhea symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, aggressive behaviour, depression, dull or cry mood, sleeplessness, irritability, headache, lack of control and guilty feeling shows a significant difference (p <0.05) between patients and controls. Limitation of activities, menorrhagia, pain in abdomen, thighs, low back also shows a significant difference (p <0.0.5) between patients and controls. Dysmenorrhea symptoms in Pakistani females includes nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating among GIT symptoms. Whereas aggressive behaviour, depression, dull or cry mood, sleeplessness, irritability, headache, lack of control and guilty were the most common associated neurologic manifestation in dysmenorrhea females in Pakistan. Sedentary life style is responsible for dysmenorrhea and its associated symptoms in Pakistani population.