ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEGDE REGARDING COMPLIMENTARY FEEDING AMONG CHILDBEARING WOMEN IN SELECTED HOSPITALS OF PESHAWAR

Abstract

Background: Complementary feeding is the gradual introduction ofsolid or semi-solid foods alongside breastfeeding when breast milk alone can no longer satisfy the nutritional needs of a growing infant. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines complementary feeding as the process that begins at six months of age, during which suitable, energy- dense, and nutrient-rich foods are introduced while breastfeeding continues up to two years or beyond. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of childbearing women regarding complementary feeding practices in selected hospitals of Peshawar. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2024 at three hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan Lady Reading Hospital, Northwest General Hospital & Research Center, and Peshawar General Hospital. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was secured before data collection. The study assessed the knowledge of caregivers with infants aged 6–24 months regarding complementary feeding. A total of 249 participants were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire administered in person and through on-site completion, with responses evaluated on a 5- point Likert scale. Results: The study assessed 249 childbearing women’s knowledge of complementary feeding. Most participants (46.2%) were aged 25–30 years, with 45% being illiterate and 71.1% residing in suburban areas. While 84% agreed that complementary feeding should start at 6 months, misconceptions were noted, such as 53.4% supporting cow’s milk for infants under 12 months and 40.2% opposing honey use. Conclusion: The study revealed that while most caregivers had basic knowledge about the appropriate timing for initiating complementary feeding, significant misconceptions persisted regarding specific practices, such as the use of cow's milk and honey for infants under 12 months. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions to enhance caregivers' understanding of safe and optimal complementary feeding practice.