CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN IN PROSTATE CANCER PATIENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

Abstract

Introduction: Prostate cancer, prevalent among men, necessitates early screening, especially with the increasing Westernization of lifestyles, including high-fat diets, which have raised its incidence. Hypercholesterolemia has been linked to aggressive prostate cancer, emphasizing the importance of dietary factors. This study examines the correlation between PSA levels and lipid profiles, specifically total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides, in prostate cancer patients. Methods: Fifty male patients (60-89 years) with biopsy-confirmed prostate carcinoma were included. Fasting blood samples were analysed for PSA, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). PSA was quantified using immunoassay, while lipid parameters were measured via enzymatic colorimetric methods. The statistical analysis was performed via ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation. Results: All patients with histopathologically confirmed prostate cancer exhibited elevated PSA levels, confirming 100% diagnostic sensitivity. PSA demonstrated a significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (r = 0.79) and LDL (r = 0.59), and an inverse correlation with HDL (r = –0.40) and triglycerides (r = –0.54). Group-wise analysis showed higher PSA and lipid abnormalities in patients aged 70–79 years. Conclusion: The data indicate that men with higher PSA levels are more likely to have elevated cholesterol and LDL. Besides, PSA levels were inversely related to triglycerides and HDL, suggesting that patients with high PSA levels might be at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases rather than prostate cancer alone.