EMERGING TRENDS IN VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY: ANIMAL HEALTH, DRUG RESISTANCE, AND SUSTAINABLE PARASITE CONTROL APPROACHES WORLDWIDE

Abstract

Veterinary parasitology is changing fast due to the pressures created by public concern about the health of animals, zoonotic diseases, climate change, and the increasing prevalence of drug resistance against antiparasitic agents. The development of new techniques for improving parasite detection, monitoring drug resistance, and establishing sustainable control strategies (for livestock, pets, and wildlife worldwide) is a major focus of current research in this area. Technological advancement in molecular diagnostics, sequencing genomes, and utilizing Artificial Intelligence technologies allow for earlier identification of parasitic infections as well as differential treatment of parasitic infections based on individual animals’ needs. Current issues with conventional anthelmintic resistance also represent a significant challenge globally, especially in grazing animals, and are causing reduced treatment efficacy and economic loss. Researchers are now investigating alternative, eco-friendly methods of controlling parasites (including naturally occurring chemical agents, plant-derived therapeutics, vaccines, biological control agents, selective treatment protocols, and integrated parasite management systems). Additionally, climate change and international transportation of animals are being recognized as having a significant impact on the geographic distribution of parasites and their vectors; thus creating new risks to animal health and public health. Sustainable parasite management is also recognizing the need for reduced reliance on chemicals to control parasites, greater emphasis on managing farms to be sustainable, and the adoption of the One Health concept, which refers to the interconnectedness of animal health, human health, and environmental health.

Keywords: Veterinary parasitology, animal health, drug resistance, sustainable parasite control, zoonotic parasites, integrated parasite management, anthelmintic resistance, One Health, molecular diagnostics, climate change.